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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. Milvus

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. Milvus

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A widely adopted in-memory data gridA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.37
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score8.14
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score7.66
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score1.70
Rank#150  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2database.comhazelcast.commilvus.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.md
DeveloperGoogleThomas MuellerHazelcast
Initial release2017200520082019
Current release2.2.220, July 20235.3.6, November 20232.3.4, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++, Go
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Data schemeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesVector, Numeric and String
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesno
Triggersnoyesyes infoEventsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infoReplicated Map
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlRole based access control and fine grained access rights
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerH2HazelcastMilvus
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerH2HazelcastMilvus
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