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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Hypertable vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Hypertable vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSWide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score4.75
Rank#75  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#118  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iowww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperGoogleChris DavisHypertable Inc.SymasMicrosoft
Initial release20172006200920112016
Current release0.9.8.11, March 20160.9.32, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languagePythonC++CC++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
Linux
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlynoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnorestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nononoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Sockets
C++ API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonononoTransact SQL
Triggersnonononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneselectable replication factor on file system levelnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infolockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nononoyes

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGraphiteHypertableLMDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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