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DBMS > Google Cloud Firestore vs. GraphDB vs. H2 vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Firestore vs. GraphDB vs. H2 vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.96
Rank#48  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.ontotext.comwww.h2database.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestoregraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperGoogleOntotextThomas MuellerPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2017200020051989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release10.4, October 20232.2.220, July 202316.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes, with Cloud Functionsnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsUsing Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud FirestoreGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMH2PostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Google Cloud FirestoreGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMH2PostgreSQL
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