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DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. GraphDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. GraphDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.49
Rank#79  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score0.52
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­datastorewww.ontotext.comwww.postgres-xl.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperGoogleOntotextPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release200820002014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release10.4, October 202310 R1, October 201816.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaCC
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes, details hereyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (GQL)stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App Enginewell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonehorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID infoMVCCACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud DatastoreGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMPostgres-XLPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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More resources
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