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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.58
Rank#92  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.62
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release2015201020162016
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CC++Java
Server operating systemshosted.NEThostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesTransact SQL
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseToroDB
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