DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HyperSQL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HyperSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Primary database model

Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.58
Rank	#92	Overall
	#14	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	2.89
Rank	#105	Overall
	#53	Relational DBMS

Score	3.90
Rank	#85	Overall
	#46	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/bigtable

cloud.google.com/spanner

hsqldb.org

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

Developer

Google

Initial release

2015

2017

2001

Current release

2.7.2, June 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

based on BSD license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

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1 March 2024, Forbes

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What is Google Bigtable? | Definition from TechTarget
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Google Introduces Autoscaling for Cloud Bigtable for Optimizing Costs
31 January 2022, InfoQ.com

Review: Google Bigtable scales with ease
7 September 2016, InfoWorld

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11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

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11 September 2023, hackernoon.com

Google Cloud Spanner competes directly with Amazon DynamoDB
12 October 2023, Techzine Europe

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HyperSQL DataBase flaw leaves library vulnerable to RCE
24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

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