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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSWide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.58
Rank#92  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score31.25
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablecloud.google.com/­spannerhbase.apache.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshbase.apache.org/­book.html
DeveloperGoogleGoogleApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset
Initial release201520172008
Current release2.3.4, January 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free, schema definition possible
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesoptions to bring your own types, AVRO
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011no
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infoCoprocessors in Java
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACID infoStrict serializable isolationSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableGoogle Cloud SpannerHBase
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Recent citations in the news

Google expands BigQuery with Gemini, brings vector support to cloud databases
29 February 2024, VentureBeat

What is Google Bigtable? | Definition from TechTarget
1 March 2022, TechTarget

Google Introduces Autoscaling for Cloud Bigtable for Optimizing Costs
31 January 2022, InfoQ.com

Review: Google Bigtable scales with ease
7 September 2016, InfoWorld

Google Cloud makes it cheaper to run smaller workloads on Bigtable
7 April 2020, TechCrunch

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14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

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