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DBMS > Google BigQuery vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDFox vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison Google BigQuery vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDFox vs. SAP HANA

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score61.90
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#309  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score45.84
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigquerywww.postgresql.orgwww.oxfordsemantic.techwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.oxfordsemantic.techhelp.sap.com/­hana
DeveloperGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOxford Semantic TechnologiesSAP
Initial release20101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20172010
Current release16.2, February 20246.0, Septermber 20222.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCC++
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Appliance or cloud-service
Data schemeyesyesyes infoRDF schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.SQLScript, R
Triggersnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsreplication via a shared file systemyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRoles, resources, and access typesyes

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More resources
Google BigQueryPostgreSQLRDFoxSAP HANA
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