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DBMS > etcd vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.66
Rank#55  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score62.67
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1221.06
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
cloud.google.com/­bigquerywww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
cloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftOracle
Initial release201019891980
Current release3.4, August 2019SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C and C++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions infoin JavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersyes, watching key changesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
etcdGoogle BigQueryMicrosoft SQL ServerOracle
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