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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.07
Rank#188  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#86  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.83
Rank#141  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score0.12
Rank#344  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.postgresql.orgwww.stardog.comwww.tigergraph.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.stardog.comdocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperFoundationDBPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerStardog-Union
Initial release20131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201020172009
Current release6.2.28, November 202016.2, February 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport/export of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infostandard with numerous extensionsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerSQL-like query language (GSQL)no
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayesno
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handlersnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication in HA-Clusternone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Clusternone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesRole-based access controlno

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FoundationDBPostgreSQLStardogTigerGraphTinkerGraph
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