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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TiDB vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TiDB vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.MultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.50
Rank#166  Overall
#29  Document stores
#27  Key-value stores
#76  Relational DBMS
Score30.39
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score23.95
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score5.14
Rank#75  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score3.93
Rank#89  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticspingcap.comwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdblearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stabledocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
DeveloperFoundationDBMicrosoftMicrosoftPingCAP, Inc.Rocket Software
Initial release20132014201620161985
Current release6.2.28, November 20207.6.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++C++Go, RustC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyes infoJSON typesyesyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query languageyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyJavaScriptTransact SQLnoyes
TriggersnoJavaScriptnonoyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*noyes infowith TiSpark Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes infofull support since version 6.6no
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACIDACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelyesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTiDBUniData,UniVerse
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTiDBUniData,UniVerse
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