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DBMS > etcd vs. FoundationDB vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. FoundationDB vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL vs. SpatiaLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.In-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSpatial extension of SQLite
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Spatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.64
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score1.07
Rank#188  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#86  Relational DBMS
Score20.74
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#149  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.memcached.orgwww.postgresql.orgwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­index
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
apple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikiwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.html
DeveloperFoundationDBDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerAlessandro Furieri
Initial release201320031989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2008
Current release3.4, August 20196.2.28, November 20201.6.25, March 202416.2, February 20245.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoC++CCC++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenono infosome layers support typingnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnononoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
Proprietary protocolADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlynouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyes, watching key changesnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yesnone infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallitySource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesnoyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
etcdFoundationDBMemcachedPostgreSQLSpatiaLite
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