DBMS > FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. SAP HANA vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. SAP HANA vs. Tkrzw

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.07
Rank	#188	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	2.75
Rank	#107	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	45.84
Rank	#22	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Score	0.09
Rank	#354	Overall
	#51	Key-value stores

Website

github.com/apple/foundationdb

github.com/google/leveldb

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

apple.github.io/foundationdb

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

help.sap.com/hana

Developer

FoundationDB

Google

SAP

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

2013

2011

2010

2020

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

1.23, February 2021

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Appliance or cloud-service

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

yes

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