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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Memgraph

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Memgraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesAn open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.89
Rank#197  Overall
#32  Document stores
#29  Key-value stores
#92  Relational DBMS
Score62.88
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score2.54
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigquerymemgraph.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docsmemgraph.com/­docs
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleMemgraph Ltd
Initial release201320102017
Current release6.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functions infoin JavaScript
Triggersnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infodynamic graph partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication using RAFT
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACID infowith snapshot isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissions

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle BigQueryMemgraph
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Recent citations in the news

Apple Acquires Durable Database Company FoundationDB
24 March 2015, TechCrunch

FoundationDB Record Layer: A Multi-Tenant Structured Datastore
25 July 2020, Apple Machine Learning Research

FoundationDB team’s new venture, Antithesis, raises $47M to enhance software testing
13 February 2024, SiliconANGLE

IBM Cloudant pulls plan to fund new foundational layer for CouchDB
15 March 2022, theregister.com

FoundationDB, a very interesting NoSQL database owned by Apple, is now an open-source project
19 April 2018, GeekWire

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Winning the 2020 Google Cloud Technology Partner of the Year – Infrastructure Modernization Award
22 December 2021, cio.com

Hightouch Announces $38 Million in Funding and Launches New Customer 360 Toolkit
19 July 2023, PR Newswire

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NASA jettisons Neo4j database for Memgraph citing costs
7 May 2025, theregister.com

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This CEO Got Bill Gates’ Attention—Now He’s Fueling AI with Memgraph’s Speedy Graph Tech
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