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DBMS > Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. SAP HANA vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. SAP HANA vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMSIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score22.45
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1221.06
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score45.49
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#362  Overall
#38  Graph DBMS
#15  Object oriented DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlvelocitydb.com
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasehelp.sap.com/­hanavelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperFirebird FoundationMicrosoftOracleSAPVelocityDB Inc
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase1989198020102011
Current release5.0.0, January 2024SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 20232.0 SPS07 (AprilĀ 4, 2023), April 20237.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++C++C and C++C#
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Appliance or cloud-serviceAny that supports .NET
Data schemeyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsyesno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
JDBC
ODBC
.Net
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleSQLScript, Rno
TriggersyesyesyesyesCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioningyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan be realized in PL/SQLnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesBased on Windows Authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources
FirebirdMicrosoft SQL ServerOracleSAP HANAVelocityDB
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