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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm vs. TiDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score15.00
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score7.71
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score4.94
Rank#72  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.postgresql.orgrealm.iopingcap.com
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.postgresql.org/­docsrealm.io/­docsdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019PingCAP, Inc.
Initial release20121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20142016
Current release16.2, February 20247.6.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageCGo, Rust
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryno
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyes infoChange Listenersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoIn-Memory realmno
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Firebase Realtime DatabasePostgreSQLRealmTiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
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Related products and services
3rd partiesAiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
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Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
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Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Firebase Realtime DatabasePostgreSQLRealmTiDB
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