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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score15.06
Rank#39  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score15.07
Rank#38  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.94
Rank#207  Overall
#96  Relational DBMS
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedoc.nuodb.comwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Dassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2013201220131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducelimited functionality with using 'rules'Java, SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTemporary tableno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyes, based on authentication and database rulesStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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Apache ImpalaFirebase Realtime DatabaseNuoDBPostgreSQL
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