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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine vs. H2 vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine vs. H2 vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score15.00
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.62
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.graphengine.iowww.h2database.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MicrosoftThomas MuellerPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2012201020051989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release2.2.220, July 202316.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation language.NET and CJavaC
Server operating systemshosted.NETAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
Java.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'yesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Firebase Realtime DatabaseGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityH2PostgreSQL
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