DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL
System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL
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| Name | Elasticsearch Xexclude from comparison | MongoDB Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene  Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric | One of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Search engine | Document store | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Spatial DBMS | Spatial DBMS Search engine integrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only. | Document store Spatial DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.elastic.co/elasticsearch | www.mongodb.com | www.postgresql.org | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html | docs.mongodb.com/manual | www.postgresql.org/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Elastic | MongoDB, Inc | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2010 | 2009 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 7.8.0, June 2020 | 4.4.5, April 2021 | 13.2 , February 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache Version 2; Elastic License | Open Source MongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available. | Open Source BSD | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no MongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas) | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Elasticsearch Service on Elastic Cloud: Try out the official hosted Elasticsearch and Kibana offering available on Amazon Web Services, Google Cloud and Microsoft Azure that's powered by the creators of Elasticsearch. |
| ScaleGrid for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL hosting on AWS, Azure and DigitalOcean with high availability and SSH access on the #1 multi-cloud DBaaS. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | Java | C++ | C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | All OS with a Java VM | Linux OS X Solaris Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | schema-free Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent | schema-free Although schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema. | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes string, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatial | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes All search fields are automatically indexed | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | SQL-like query language | Read-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Connector for BI | yes standard with numerous extensions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | Java API RESTful HTTP/JSON API | proprietary protocol using JSON | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | .Net Groovy Community Contributed Clients Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby | Actionscript unofficial driver C C# C++ Clojure unofficial driverColdFusion unofficial driverD unofficial driverDart unofficial driverDelphi unofficial driverErlang Go Groovy unofficial driverHaskell Java JavaScript Lisp unofficial driverLua unofficial driverMatLab unofficial driverPerl PHP PowerShell unofficial driverProlog unofficial driverPython R unofficial driverRuby Rust Scala Smalltalk unofficial driverSwift | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes | JavaScript | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes by using the 'percolation' feature | yes in MongoDB Atlas only | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | Sharding partitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes | Multi-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | ES-Hadoop Connector | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency can be individually decided for each write operation | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no | Multi-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolation | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes optional | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | Memcached and Redis integration | yes In-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Access rights for users and roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Elasticsearch | MongoDB | PostgreSQL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | Elasticsearch is an open source search and analytics engine. As the heart of the... » more | MongoDB is the leading modern, general purpose data platform, designed to unleash... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | Open source Real-time indexsearch, and analysis Horizontally scalable Distributed... » more | The MongoDB platform can be used by developers building transactional, operational,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | Enterprise search (search experiences for your workplace, apps, and websites), observability... » more | Internet of Things and Time Series (Bosch, Jaguar Land Rover) Mobile (The Weather... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | Thousands of organizations worldwide, including Cisco, eBay, Goldman Sachs, Microsoft,... » more | ADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | Public as of October 2018 Distributed workforce with 1900+ employees around the globe... » more | 125 million downloads (growing at more than 30 thousand downloads per day), over... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | The Elastic Stack (Elasticsearch, Kibana, Beats, and Logstash) is free and open source... » more | MongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 3rd parties | Elastic Cloud: Try the official managed Elasticsearch. » more | Datadog: Visualize all your MongoDB metrics. » more ClusterControl: the only management system you’ll ever need to take control of your open source database infrastructure. » more CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers. » more Fivetran: Quickly and easily centralize your on-premise and cloud databases. » more Studio 3T: The world's favorite IDE for working with MongoDB » more Navicat for MongoDB gives you a highly effective GUI interface for MongoDB database management, administration and development. » more | CYBERTEC is your professional partner for PostgreSQL services and Data Science since 2000. With offices in Austria, Uruguay, Estonia, Poland, South Africa and Switzerland, CYBERTEC operates worldwide and is here for you 24/7! » more ClusterControl: the only management system you’ll ever need to take control of your open source database infrastructure. » more Fivetran: Quickly and easily centralize your on-premise and cloud databases. » more pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring. » more General SQL Parser: Instantly adding parsing, decoding, analysis and rewrite SQL processing capability to your products. » more Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development. » more EDB: Helping organizations get the most from PostgreSQL, Oracle Migration, High Availability, Security » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Elasticsearch | MongoDB | PostgreSQL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017 Elasticsearch moved into the top 10 most popular database management systems MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020 PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2018 PostgreSQL moves up one rank at the expense of MongoDB | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020 PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2018 PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017 An Introduction to MongoDB Query API OpenSearch: AWS rolls out its open source Elasticsearch fork Amazon Elasticsearch Service Introduces Auto-Tune Elastic and Confluent Partner to Develop Enhanced Experience for Kafka and Elasticsearch Users Elastic Announces Enhanced Access to Nearly Unlimited Data to Help Customers Gain Deeper Business Insights Not bad in the grand schema of things: Elastic pushes out 7.12 with direct object storage search • DEVCLASS provided by Google News Should You Buy Mongodb Inc (MDB) Stock on Monday? How to install the NoSQL database server MongoDB on Linux Why MongoDB Stock Is Climbing Today Mongodb Inc (MDB) President & CEO Dev Ittycheria Sold $65.2 million of Shares MongoDB Stock Appears To Be Modestly Overvalued provided by Google News Guest View: OLAP + OLTP = ...PostgreSQL? How PostgreSQL has popularized open source enterprise databases [Q&A] Crunchy Certified PostgreSQL 12 Achieves Common Criteria Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL) 2+ Certification Google Cloud Migration Service for MySQL and PostgreSQL is Now GA Catalyst Cloud is wooing Oracle DB users with PostgreSQL offer provided by Google News Jr Cloud Practitioner Software Engineer Monitoring and Observability Engineer Junior Software Report Developer Office Tech Data Scientist Data Science Manager Looking for an entry-level or graduate job? MongoDB Developer MongoDB Software Engineer Intern Business Analyst - Employee Resource Center Contract - SQL Administrator Product Analyst PHP Developer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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