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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Neo4j vs. RDF4J vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Neo4j vs. RDF4J vs. SingleStore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelSearch engineGraph DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score134.78
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score44.47
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#231  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score5.91
Rank#61  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchneo4j.comrdf4j.orgwww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlneo4j.com/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.singlestore.com
DeveloperElasticNeo4j, Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.SingleStore Inc.
Initial release2010200720042013
Current release8.6, January 20235.19, April 20248.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageJavaJava, ScalaJavaC++, Go
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux info64 bit version required
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenonoyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
PHP
Python
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyesyes
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infovia event handleryesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes using Neo4j FabricnoneSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynoneSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornonono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)noFine grained access control via users, groups and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchNeo4jRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
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Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more
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