DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. etcd vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. etcd vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

A distributed reliable key-value store

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Search engine

Key-value store

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	134.78
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	7.64
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	6.50
Rank	#56	Overall
	#10	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#5	Search engines

Score	29.85
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.12
Rank	#344	Overall
	#34	Graph DBMS

Website

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.marklogic.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

docs.marklogic.com

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Elastic

MarkLogic Corp.

Microsoft

Initial release

2010

2001

2014

2009

Current release

8.6, January 2023

3.4, August 2019

11.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL92

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes, watching key changes

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes, with Range Indexes

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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