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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Vector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score134.78
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score5.71
Rank#64  Overall
#8  Search engines
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score0.99
Rank#195  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticMicrosoftMicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release20132010201520102013
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.6, January 2023V1V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercialcommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagenoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesnoTransact SQLJava, SQL
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceES-Hadoop Connectornonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACIDACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyes infousing Azure authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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More resources
Apache ImpalaElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure AI SearchMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNuoDB
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