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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineSearch engineRelational DBMSWide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Vector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score134.78
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score5.71
Rank#64  Overall
#8  Search engines
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score4.92
Rank#73  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tables
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticMicrosoftMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release20132010201520102012
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.6, January 2023V1V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedhosted
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagenoyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesnoTransact SQLno
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceES-Hadoop Connectornonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyes infousing Azure authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

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More resources
Apache ImpalaElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure AI SearchMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft Azure Table Storage
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