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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. eXtremeDB vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. eXtremeDB vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score134.79
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.66
Rank#239  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score2.91
Rank#106  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score78.51
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#136  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.mcobject.comwww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.com
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperElasticMcObjectOntotextMicrosoftStardog-Union
Initial release20102001200020102010
Current release8.6, January 20238.2, 202110.4, October 2023V127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infosupport of XML interfaces availablenoyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyeswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infoby defining eventsnoyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning / shardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
Multi-source replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearcheXtremeDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardog
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
» more
Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more
​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
» more
GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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