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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerThe SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelSearch engineGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score134.78
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score37.12
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.htmlwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASEdocs.stardog.com
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperElasticOntotextMicrosoftSAP, SybaseStardog-Union
Initial release20102000201019872010
Current release8.6, January 202310.4, October 2023V1216.07.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C and C++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagestored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityTransact SQLJava and Transact-SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyesyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonehorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingyesyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyes
User concepts infoAccess controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASEStardog
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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