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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. PostGIS vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. PostGIS vs. TiDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Spatial extension of PostgreSQLTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelSearch engineKey-value store
Wide column store
Spatial DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score128.79
Rank#8  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.97
Rank#92  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score20.16
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score4.09
Rank#72  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­bigtablepostgis.netpingcap.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docspostgis.net/­documentationdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperElasticGooglePingCAP, Inc.
Initial release2010201520052016
Current release8.6, January 20233.4.2, February 20248.2.0, July 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaCGo, Rust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsno
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes infobased on PostgreSQLhorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes infobased on PostgreSQLUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectoryesnoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes infobased on PostgreSQLFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchGoogle Cloud BigtablePostGISTiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
ElasticsearchGoogle Cloud BigtablePostGISTiDB
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