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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelSearch engineDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score134.79
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score15.07
Rank#38  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score118.16
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.postgresql.orgwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.postgresql.org/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperElasticGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release201020121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2000
Current release8.6, January 202316.2, February 20243.45.2  (12 March 2024), March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaCC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
ElasticsearchFirebase Realtime DatabasePostgreSQLSQLite
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