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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Apache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelSearch engineDocument storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score134.78
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score15.00
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.64
Rank#89  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#48  Relational DBMS
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseignite.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databaseapacheignite.readme.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperElasticGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Apache Software FoundationMicrosoft
Initial release2010201220152019
Current release8.6, January 2023Apache Ignite 2.6cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++, Java, .Net
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'yes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes (cache interceptors and events)yes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes (replicated cache)yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornoyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)Spark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
ElasticsearchFirebase Realtime DatabaseIgniteMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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