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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. Tarantool vs. TempoIQ

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. Tarantool vs. TempoIQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applicationsScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.68
Rank#76  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.67
Rank#150  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#69  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.comwww.tarantool.iotempoiq.com (offline)
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.comwww.tarantool.io/­en/­doc
DeveloperMicrosoftStardog-UnionVKTempoIQ
Initial release20182010201020082012
Current release0.10, February 2024V127.3.0, May 20202.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprisecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaC and C++
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columnsschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetimeyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerFull-featured ANSI SQL supportno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Open binary protocolHTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaLua, C and SQL stored proceduresno
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handlersyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session eventsyes infoRealtime Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes inforelationships in graphsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactionsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes, cooperative multitaskingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, write ahead loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistenceno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
simple authentication-based access control

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More resources
DuckDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogTarantoolTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB
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