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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. STSdb vs. TempoIQ

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. STSdb vs. TempoIQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing methodScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.46
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score78.51
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#136  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.13
Rank#344  Overall
#51  Key-value stores
Websiteduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.comgithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4tempoiq.com (offline)
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperMicrosoftStardog-UnionSTS Soft SCTempoIQ
Initial release20182010201020112012
Current release0.10, February 2024V127.3.0, May 20204.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaC#
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Servernono
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
.NET Client APIHTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javanono
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handlersnoyes infoRealtime Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Clusternone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes inforelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesnosimple authentication-based access control

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More resources
DuckDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogSTSdbTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB
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