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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Immudb vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Immudb vs. Neo4j

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.79
Rank#65  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#299  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score45.75
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
neo4j.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.immudb.ioneo4j.com/­docs
DeveloperCodenotaryNeo4j, Inc.
Initial release201820202007
Current release1.0.0, June 20241.2.3, April 20225.21.2, July 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++GoJava, Scala
Server operating systemsserver-lessBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like syntaxno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
Triggersnonoyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBImmudbNeo4j
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
News

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22 July 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
DuckDBImmudbNeo4j
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Recent citations in the news

Unleashing Postgres for Analytics With DuckDB Integration
24 July 2024, The New Stack

My First Billion (of Rows) in DuckDB
1 May 2024, Towards Data Science

DuckDB Walks to the Beat of Its Own Analytics Drum
5 March 2024, Datanami

Enabling Remote Query Execution through DuckDB Extensions
12 March 2024, InfoQ.com

DuckDB: The tiny but powerful analytics database
15 May 2024, InfoWorld

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Immudb: Open-source database, built on a zero trust model
17 December 2021, Help Net Security

A Step by Step Guide to immudb — the open source immutable database
18 May 2020, hackernoon.com

Codenotary brings its immutable database to the cloud
21 June 2023, TechCrunch

Codenotary’s immudb First Immutable Open Source Database to be FedRAMP Compliant
17 October 2022, Datanami

immudb First Immutable Database to Provide Extension to Ethereum Blockchain
29 September 2022, Business Wire

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Neo4j Announces Collaboration with Microsoft to Advance GenAI and Data Solutions
26 March 2024, PR Newswire

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21 July 2024, MarkTechPost

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10 July 2024, InfoWorld

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