DBMS > DuckDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.39
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	2.70
Rank	#92	Overall
	#49	Relational DBMS

Score	1.86
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Vector DBMS

Website

duckdb.org

hsqldb.org

github.com/weaviate/weaviate
weaviate.io

Technical documentation

duckdb.org/docs

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

weaviate.io/developers/weaviate

Developer

Weaviate B.V.

Initial release

2018

2001

2019

Current release

1.0.0, June 2024

2.7.2, June 2023

1.19, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

server-less

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Data scheme

yes

yes, maps to GraphQL interface

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

GraphQL is used as query language

APIs and other access methods

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

JavaScript / TypeScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more

Competitive advantages

Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more

Typical application scenarios

As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more

Key customers

All companies that have data.
» more

Market metrics

As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Weaviate, an ANN Database with CRUD support
2 February 2021, Etienne Dilocker, SeMI Technologies (sponsor)

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Recent citations in the news

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19 March 2025, devclass

Interact With DuckDB Using Local UI
1 April 2025, i-programmer.info

A Guide to Data Analysis in Python with DuckDB
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11 March 2025, InfoWorld

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30 July 2024, SiliconANGLE

provided by Google News

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