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DBMS > DuckDB vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Sqrrl

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Sqrrl

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache Accumulo
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.46
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score8.14
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score30.39
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbsqrrl.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
DeveloperThomas MuellerMicrosoftAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.
Initial release2018200520142012
Current release0.10, February 20242.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsserver-lessAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJavaScriptno
TriggersnoyesJavaScriptno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infomaking use of Hadoop
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceselectable replication factor infomaking use of Hadoop
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*yes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entity
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

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More resources
DuckDBH2Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBSqrrl
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