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DBMS > DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Postgres-XL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.68
Rank#76  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#188  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#86  Relational DBMS
Score3.58
Rank#92  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.52
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogle
Initial release2018201320152014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release0.10, February 20246.2.28, November 202010 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyessupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlynouser defined functions
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic single-row operationsACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DuckDBFoundationDBGoogle Cloud BigtablePostgres-XL
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