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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Firebird vs. HyperSQL vs. Milvus

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Firebird vs. HyperSQL vs. Milvus

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.68
Rank#76  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score21.06
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score3.90
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score1.81
Rank#144  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.firebirdsql.orghsqldb.orgmilvus.io
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualshsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.md
DeveloperFirebird Foundation
Initial release20182000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase20012019
Current release0.10, February 20245.0.0, January 20242.7.2, June 20232.3.4, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC++C and C++JavaC++, Go
Server operating systemsserver-lessAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Data schemeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesVector, Numeric and String
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoPSQLJava, SQLno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rights
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBFirebirdHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMilvus
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
DuckDBFirebirdHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMilvus
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