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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. HyperSQL vs. LokiJS vs. MarkLogic

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. HyperSQL vs. LokiJS vs. MarkLogic

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBIn-memory JavaScript DBMSOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.68
Rank#76  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score15.00
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.90
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score0.48
Rank#262  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score6.50
Rank#56  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#5  Search engines
Websiteduckdb.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasehsqldb.orggithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.marklogic.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasehsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmltechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.marklogic.com
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MarkLogic Corp.
Initial release20182012200120142001
Current release0.10, February 20242.7.2, June 202311.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaScriptC++
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesnoyes infoSQL92
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
JavaScript APIJava API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
JavaScriptC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnolimited functionality with using 'rules'Java, SQLView functions in JavaScriptyes infovia XQuery or JavaScript
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenonenoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

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More resources
DuckDBFirebase Realtime DatabaseHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLokiJSMarkLogic
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