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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Infobright vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Infobright vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonInfobright  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.High performant column-oriented DBMS for analytic workloads using MySQL or PostgreSQL as a frontendDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.46
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score134.79
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score3.37
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score1.05
Rank#194  Overall
#91  Relational DBMS
Score78.51
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­spannerignitetech.com/­softwarelibrary/­infobrightdbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperElasticGoogleIgnite Technologies Inc.; formerly InfoBright Inc.Microsoft
Initial release20182010201720052010
Current release0.10, February 20248.6, January 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercial infoThe open source (GPLv2) version did not support inserts/updates/deletes and was discontinued with July 2016commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaCC++
Server operating systemsserver-lessAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesno infoKnowledge Grid Technology used insteadyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnonoTransact SQL
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesMemcached and Redis integrationnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard infoexploiting MySQL or PostgreSQL frontend capabilitiesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DuckDBElasticsearchGoogle Cloud SpannerInfobrightMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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