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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. HBase vs. PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. HBase vs. PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Wide column storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.29
Rank#95  Overall
#49  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score31.25
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.12
Rank#344  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orghbase.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgwww.stardog.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designhbase.apache.org/­book.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerStardog-Union
Initial release201220081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20102009
Current release29.0.1, April 20242.3.4, January 202116.2, February 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageJavaJavaCJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-free, schema definition possibleyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoCoprocessors in Javauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersnoyesyesyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication in HA-Clusternone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Clusternone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesno

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Apache DruidHBasePostgreSQLStardogTinkerGraph
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