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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Drizzle vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SpaceTime vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Drizzle vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SpaceTime vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDrizzle  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score15.06
Rank#39  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#394  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.mireo.com/­spacetimegithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDrizzle project, originally started by Brian AkerMicrosoftMireo8Kdata
Initial release20132008198920202016
Current release4.1.0, June 20227.2.4, September 2012SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoGNU GPLcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Linux
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infowith proprietary extensionsyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C++
Java
PHP
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnono infohooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.yesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationFixed-grid hypercubesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionReal-time block device replication (DRBD)Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosPluggable authentication mechanisms infoe.g. LDAP, HTTPfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDrizzleMicrosoft SQL ServerSpaceTimeToroDB
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