DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Drizzle vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Drizzle vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

MySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	14.03
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	3.00
Rank	#102	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Score	829.80
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	4.94
Rank	#72	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

memgraph.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

pingcap.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

memgraph.com/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Drizzle project, originally started by Brian Aker

Memgraph Ltd

Microsoft

PingCAP, Inc.

Initial release

2013

2008

2017

1989

2016

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

7.2.4, September 2012

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

7.6.0, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

GNU GPL

commercial

Free license available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X

Linux

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C++
Java
PHP

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

hooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Pluggable authentication mechanisms

e.g. LDAP, HTTP

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more

TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more

Competitive advantages

Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more

- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenarios

Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more

Market metrics

34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.