DBMS > Dolt vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MonetDB vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Dolt vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MonetDB vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A MySQL compatible DBMS with Git-like versioning of data and schema

Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBase

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.93
Rank	#194	Overall
	#90	Relational DBMS

Score	19.46
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#135	Overall
	#62	Relational DBMS

Score	1286.59
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/dolthub/dolt
www.dolthub.com

www.firebirdsql.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.monetdb.org

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

docs.dolthub.com

www.firebirdsql.org/en/reference-manuals

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

DoltHub Inc

Firebird Foundation

Microsoft

MonetDB BV

Oracle

Initial release

2018

2000

As fork of Borland's InterBase

1989

2004

1980

Current release

5.0.1, August 2024

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Initial Developer's Public License

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C and C++

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less

Firebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

CLI Client
HTTP REST

ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC

Jaybird
ODBC
OLE DB

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

currently in alpha release

PSQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes, in SQL, C, R

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding via remote tables

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

A database can be cloned to multiple locations and be used there in isolation. Data/schema changes can be pushed/pulled explicitly between locations.

Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Features a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writers

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Only one user is configurable, and must be specified in the config file at startup

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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