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DBMS > Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. TiDB vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. TiDB vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLThe SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMSTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query ServerDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score37.12
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Score4.94
Rank#72  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score1.46
Rank#159  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iowww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.htmlpingcap.comwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASEdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stabledocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP, SybasePingCAP, Inc.VoltDB Inc.
Initial release20161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL198720162010
Current release16.2, February 202416.07.6.0, January 202411.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageGoCC and C++Go, RustJava, C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyesyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java and Transact-SQLnoJava
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range)Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infowith TiSpark Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes infofull support since version 6.6no infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and roles with access to stored procedures
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphPostgreSQLSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASETiDBVoltDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
DgraphPostgreSQLSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASETiDBVoltDB
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