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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle Coherence vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle Coherence vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Coherence  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsOracles in-memory data grid solutionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#164  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#207  Overall
#96  Relational DBMS
Score2.32
Rank#126  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iowww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.oracle.com/­java/­coherencewww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdoc.nuodb.comdocs.oracle.com/­en/­middleware/­standalone/­coherencewww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.OraclePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20161989201320071989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202214.1, August 202316.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoC++C++JavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Java
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaJava, SQLnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyesyesyes infoLive Eventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via Raftyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDByes, with selectable consistency levelSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolconfigurableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infooptionallyyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoTemporary tableyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersauthentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
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