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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Newts vs. Quasardb

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Newts vs. Quasardb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSTime Series DBMS based on CassandraDistributed, high-performance timeseries database
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#164  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score5.82
Rank#65  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#383  Overall
#42  Time Series DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#330  Overall
#30  Time Series DBMS
Websitedgraph.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serveropennms.github.io/­newtsquasar.ai
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-servergithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikidoc.quasar.ai/­master
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftMicrosoftOpenNMS Groupquasardb
Initial release20162019198920142009
Current releasecloud service with continuous releasesSQL Server 2022, November 20223.14.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes infointeger and binary
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes infowith tags
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP REST
Java API
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanono
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding infobased on CassandraSharding infoconsistent hashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via Raftyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replication with selectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonowith Hadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby using LevelDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes infoTransient mode
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

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More resources
DgraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft SQL ServerNewtsQuasardb
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