DBMS > Dgraph vs. LevelDB vs. Snowflake vs. Tibero vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. LevelDB vs. Snowflake vs. Tibero vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

A secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	1.78
Rank	#140	Overall
	#64	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

dgraph.io

github.com/google/leveldb

www.snowflake.com

us.tmaxsoft.com/products/tibero

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

technet.tmaxsoft.com/upload/download/online/tibero/pver-20150504-000002/index.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

Snowflake Computing Inc.

TmaxSoft

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2016

2011

2014

2003

2019

Current release

1.23, February 2021

6, April 2015

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and Assembler

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Persistent Stored Procedure (PSM)

Triggers

similar concept for controling cloud resources

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

none

yes

horizontal partitioning

by range, hash, list or composite

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

planned for next version

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)

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