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DBMS > Dgraph vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP IQ vs. Tibero

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP IQ vs. Tibero

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformColumnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analyticsA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infocolumn-orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.27
Rank#96  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score1.81
Rank#143  Overall
#65  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iogithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-iq-big-data-management.htmlus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tibero
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_IQtechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.html
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleMicrosoftSAP, formerly SybaseTmaxSoft
Initial release20162011201919942003
Current release1.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releases16.1 SPS04, April 20196, April 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C and Assembler
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesyes
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RyesPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceshared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexerhorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or composite
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via Raftnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.SAP/Sybase Replication ServerMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkHadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)

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More resources
DgraphLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQTibero
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