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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Kingbase vs. Pinecone vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Kingbase vs. Pinecone vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.A managed, cloud-native vector databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.39
Rank#155  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.44
Rank#258  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score3.02
Rank#87  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iowww.kingbase.com.cnwww.pinecone.iowww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsdocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overviewwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.BeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.Pinecone Systems, IncPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2016199920191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releaseV8.0, August 202116.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageGoC and JavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesString, Number, Booleanyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoStandard with numerous extensionsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Python.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyeshorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
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Conferences, events and webinars

PASS Data Community Summit
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