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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSRDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#78  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgdgraph.iowww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.html
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldgraph.io/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywhere
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftSAP infoformerly Sybase
Initial release2013201619891992
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 202217, July 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSynchronous replication via Raftyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoDatabase mirroring
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDgraphMicrosoft SQL ServerSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere
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