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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. LevelDB vs. Tibero vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. LevelDB vs. Tibero vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from OracleA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score1.81
Rank#143  Overall
#65  Relational DBMS
Score0.09
Rank#351  Overall
#47  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgdgraph.iogithub.com/­google/­leveldbus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tiberogithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldgraph.io/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdtechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.htmlwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleTmaxSoftJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20132016201120032019
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.23, February 20216, April 20151.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoC++C and AssemblerClojure
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)no
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyesnonehorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or compositenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSynchronous replication via RaftnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosno infoPlanned for future releasesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDgraphLevelDBTiberoXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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