DBMS > Dgraph vs. GridGain vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. GridGain vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

GridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache Ignite

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.48
Rank	#158	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.53
Rank	#155	Overall
	#26	Key-value stores
	#73	Relational DBMS

Score	93.81
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	78.40
Rank	#15	Overall
	#10	Relational DBMS

Score	0.99
Rank	#195	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.gridgain.com

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.gridgain.com/docs/index.html

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

doc.nuodb.com

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

GridGain Systems, Inc.

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Microsoft

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

Initial release

2016

2007

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2010

2013

Current release

GridGain 8.5.1

11.3.2, February 2024

V12

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

commercial

limited edition free

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, C++, .Net

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

ANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

Transact SQL

Java, SQL

Triggers

yes (cache interceptors and events)

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes (replicated cache)

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, with always 3 replicas available

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

tunable commit protocol

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

Temporary table

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Security Hooks for custom implementations

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Competitive advantages

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metrics

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing models

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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